DISCUSSION
Published: 07/01/1986 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1986.tb04522.x
JAMES N. BODURTHA
Efficiency Tests of the Foreign Currency Options Market
Published: 03/01/1986 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1986.tb04496.x
JAMES N. BODURTHA, GEORGES R. COURTADON
Based on a new options transactions data base from the Philadelphia Stock Exchange Foreign Currency Options Market, this paper examines the importance of the effect of nonsynchronous prices and transaction costs on the usual option market efficiency tests. The tests conducted are based on the transaction cost adjusted early exercise and put‐call parity pricing boundaries applicable to the American foreign currency options market. The test results show that the put‐call parity boundary tests are sensitive to both nonsynchronous prices and transaction costs. The early exercise boundary tests are sensitive to transaction costs but are not very sensitive to simultaneity of the option price and the underlying spot price. Under the no‐transaction costs scenario, a large number of early exercise boundary violations is found even when simultaneous spot and option prices are used. These violations disappear when actual transaction costs are taken into account.
Testing the CAPM with Time‐Varying Risks and Returns
Published: 09/01/1991 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1991.tb04627.x
JAMES N. BODURTHA, NELSON C. MARK
This paper draws on Engle's autoregressive conditionally heteroskedastic modeling strategy to formulate a conditional CAPM with time‐varying risk and expected returns. The model is estimated by generalized method of moments. A CAPM that allows mean excess returns to shift in January survives generalized method of moments specification tests for a number of omitted variables. However, a residual dividend yield component is found to remain in the excess returns of smaller firms. We find significant monthly and quarterly components in the risk premia and beta estimates.
On Determination of Stochastic Dominance Optimal Sets
Published: 06/01/1985 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1985.tb04965.x
VIJAY S. BAWA, JAMES N. BODURTHA, M. R. RAO, HIRA L. SURI
Applying Fishburn's [4] conditions for convex stochastic dominance, exact linear programming algorithms are proposed and implemented for assigning discrete return distributions into the first‐ and second‐order stochastic dominance optimal sets. For third‐order stochastic dominance, a superconvex stochastic dominance approach is defined which allows classification of choice elements into superdominated, mixed, and superoptimal sets. For a choice set of 896 security returns treated previously in the literature, 454, 25, and 13 distributions are in the first‐, second‐, and third‐order convex stochastic dominance optimal sets, respectively. These optimal sets compare with admissible first‐, second‐, and third‐order stochastic dominance sets of 682, 35, and 19 distributions, respectively.