The Journal of Finance

The Journal of Finance publishes leading research across all the major fields of finance. It is one of the most widely cited journals in academic finance, and in all of economics. Each of the six issues per year reaches over 8,000 academics, finance professionals, libraries, and government and financial institutions around the world. The journal is the official publication of The American Finance Association, the premier academic organization devoted to the study and promotion of knowledge about financial economics.

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INVESTMENT BANKERS ASSOCIATION TRAINING COURSES

Published: 8/1946,  Volume: 1,  Issue: 1  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1946.tb01553.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert W. Clark


SOME ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PERSONAL INCOME TAX IN THE PROVINCES AND MUNICIPALITIES OF CANADA UP TO 1930*

Published: 9/1952,  Volume: 7,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1952.tb00099.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert M. Clark


Seasonalities in NYSE Bid‐Ask Spreads and Stock Returns in January

Published: 12/1992,  Volume: 47,  Issue: 5  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1992.tb04694.x  |  Cited by: 14

ROBERT A. CLARK, JOHN J. McCONNELL, MANOJ SINGH

Using end‐of‐month bid‐ask spreads for 540 NYSE stocks over the period 1982–1987, we document a seasonal pattern in which both relative and absolute spreads decline from the end of December to the end of the following January. Cross‐sectional regressions do not, however, provide evidence of a significant correlation between changes in spreads at the turn of the year and January stock returns. Either there is no cause and effect relation between the coincidental seasonals in bid‐ask spreads and January returns for NYSE stocks or the data are too “noisy” to reveal any relation.


ANALYSIS OF THE LEASE‐OR‐BUY DECISION: COMMENT

Published: 9/1973,  Volume: 28,  Issue: 4  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1973.tb01424.x  |  Cited by: 3

Rorert A. Clark, Joan M. Jantorni, Robert R. Gann


A Note on Testing an Aggressive Investment Strategy Using Value Line Ranks

Published: 6/1981,  Volume: 36,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1981.tb00656.x  |  Cited by: 38

CLARK HOLLOWAY


Testing and Aggressive Investment Strategy Using Value Line Ranks: A Reply

Published: 3/1983,  Volume: 38,  Issue: 1  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1983.tb03643.x  |  Cited by: 9

CLARK HOLLOWAY

This paper answers the comments of readers of our earlier paper. Additional insight is gained by adding recent data to show the effect of following Value Line Investment Service recommendations in active stock market trading over the years 1974–81. We show that Value Line makes a statistically significant contribution, which cannot be explained by the Beta risk factor. We offer our results as an unexplained divergence from the Efficient Market Hypothesis, but with the tentative hypothesis that investment timing (i.e., the fact that the Efficient Market Hypothesis does not operate instantaneously) may explain much of the abnormality.


AN ADDITIONAL NOTE ON CO‐ORDINATION OF BANKING AND MONETARY AGENCIES*

Published: 9/1951,  Volume: 6,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1951.tb04475.x  |  Cited by: 0

Clark Warburton


MONETARY DIFFICULTIES AND THE STRUCTURE OF THE MONETARY SYSTEM

Published: 12/1952,  Volume: 7,  Issue: 4  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1952.tb02481.x  |  Cited by: 6

Clark Warburton


CO‐ORDINATION OF MONETARY, BANK SUPERVISORY, AND LOAN AGENCIES OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT*

Published: 6/1950,  Volume: 5,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1950.tb02476.x  |  Cited by: 1

Clark Warburton


RULES AND IMPLEMENTS FOR MONETARY POLICY

Published: 3/1953,  Volume: 8,  Issue: 1  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1953.tb01132.x  |  Cited by: 4

Clark Warburton


GAPS IN THE PATMAN COMMITTEE REPORT

Published: 5/1953,  Volume: 8,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1953.tb01158.x  |  Cited by: 0

John D. Clark


A NOTE ON INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES AND THE GRADUATED CORPORATE TAX

Published: 3/1957,  Volume: 12,  Issue: 1  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1957.tb04104.x  |  Cited by: 0

Clifford D. Clark


CAN GOVERNMENT INFLUENCE BUSINESS STABILITY?

Published: 4/1947,  Volume: 2,  Issue: 1  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1947.tb00790.x  |  Cited by: 1

John D. Clark


SESSION TOPIC: SLOWDOWN IN THE GROWTH OF PRODUCTIVITY IN THE UNITED STATES*: CAPITAL FORMATION AND THE RECENT PRODUCTIVITY SLOWDOWN

Published: 6/1978,  Volume: 33,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1978.tb02036.x  |  Cited by: 2

M. Ishaq Nadiri, Peter K. Clark


STABILITY TESTS FOR ALPHAS AND BETAS OVER BULL AND BEAR MARKET CONDITIONS

Published: 9/1977,  Volume: 32,  Issue: 4  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1977.tb03312.x  |  Cited by: 196

Frank J. Fabozzi, Jack Clark Francis


The Demand for Preferred Stock with Sinking Funds and Without: A Note

Published: 3/1982,  Volume: 37,  Issue: 1  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1982.tb01107.x  |  Cited by: 2

ERIC H. SORENSEN, CLARK A. HAWKINS


The Behavior of the Common Stock of Bankrupt Firms

Published: 5/1983,  Volume: 38,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1983.tb02257.x  |  Cited by: 110

TRUMAN A. CLARK, MARK I. WEINSTEIN


Sparse Signals in the Cross‐Section of Returns

Published: 11/14/2018,  Volume: 74,  Issue: 1  |  DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12733  |  Cited by: 276

ALEX CHINCO, ADAM D. CLARK‐JOSEPH, MAO YE

This paper applies the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) to make rolling one‐minute‐ahead return forecasts using the entire cross‐section of lagged returns as candidate predictors. The LASSO increases both out‐of‐sample fit and forecast‐implied Sharpe ratios. This out‐of‐sample success comes from identifying predictors that are unexpected, short‐lived, and sparse. Although the LASSO uses a statistical rule rather than economic intuition to identify predictors, the predictors it identifies are nevertheless associated with economically meaningful events: the LASSO tends to identify as predictors stocks with news about fundamentals.


FACTORS AFFECTING PRICE, VOLUME AND CREDIT RISK IN THE CONSUMER FINANCE INDUSTRY

Published: 5/1970,  Volume: 25,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1970.tb00676.x  |  Cited by: 5

Robert W. Johnson, Robert P. Shay


Reputation Effects in Trading on the New York Stock Exchange

Published: 5/8/2007,  Volume: 62,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2007.01235.x  |  Cited by: 58

ROBERT BATTALIO, ANDREW ELLUL, ROBERT JENNINGS

Theory suggests that reputations allow nonanonymous markets to attenuate adverse selection in trading. We identify instances in which New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) stocks experience trading floor relocations. Although specialists follow the stocks to their new locations, most brokers do not. We find a discernable increase in liquidity costs around a stock's relocation that is larger for stocks with higher adverse selection and greater broker turnover. We also find that floor brokers relocating with the stock obtain lower trading costs than brokers not moving and brokers beginning trading post‐move. Our results suggest that reputation plays an important role in the NYSE's liquidity provision process.


Asset Price Volatility, Bubbles, and Process Switching

Published: 9/1986,  Volume: 41,  Issue: 4  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1986.tb04551.x  |  Cited by: 54

ROBERT P. FLOOD, ROBERT J. HODRICK

Evidence of excess volatilities of asset prices compared with those of market fundamentals is often attributed to speculative bubbles. This study demonstrates that bubbles could in theory lead to excess volatility, but it shows that certain variance bounds tests preclude bubbles as an explanation. The evidence ought to be attributed to model misspecification or inappropriate statistical tests. One important misspecification occurs if a researcher incorrectly specifies the time series properties of market fundamentals. A bubble‐free example economy characterized by a potential switch in government policies produces asset prices that would appear, to an unwary researcher, to contain bubbles.


Toward a National Market System for U.S. Exchange–listed Equity Options

Published: 3/25/2004,  Volume: 59,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2004.00653.x  |  Cited by: 102

Robert Battalio, Brian Hatch, Robert Jennings

In its response to the 1975 Congressional mandate to implement a national market system for financial securities, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) initially exempted the option market. Recent dramatic changes in the structure of the option market prompted the SEC to revisit this issue. We examine a sample of actively traded, multiply listed equity options to ask whether this market's characteristics appear consistent with the goals of producing economically efficient transactions and facilitating “best execution.” We find marked changes between June 2000, when quotes are often ignored, and January 2002, when the market more closely resembles a national market.


Can Brokers Have It All? On the Relation between Make‐Take Fees and Limit Order Execution Quality

Published: 9/14/2016,  Volume: 71,  Issue: 5  |  DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12422  |  Cited by: 154

ROBERT BATTALIO, SHANE A. CORWIN, ROBERT JENNINGS

We identify retail brokers that seemingly route orders to maximize order flow payments, by selling market orders and sending limit orders to venues paying large liquidity rebates. Angel, Harris, and Spatt argue that such routing may not always be in customers’ best interests. For both proprietary limit order data and a broad sample of trades from TAQ, we document a negative relation between several measures of limit order execution quality and rebate/fee level. This finding suggests that order routing designed to maximize liquidity rebates does not maximize limit order execution quality and thus brokers cannot have it all.


SHORT‐RUN EFFECTS OF STOCK MARKET SERVICES ON STOCK PRICES

Published: 3/1958,  Volume: 13,  Issue: 1  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1958.tb04173.x  |  Cited by: 3

Robert Ferber


Error Rates in CRSP and COMPUSTAT: A Second Look

Published: 12/1980,  Volume: 35,  Issue: 5  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1980.tb02210.x  |  Cited by: 33

ROBERT BENNIN


The Relationship between Arbitrage and First Order Stochastic Dominance

Published: 9/1986,  Volume: 41,  Issue: 4  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1986.tb04556.x  |  Cited by: 65

ROBERT JARROW

This paper joins together two fields of research in financial economics. The first field studies stochastic dominance, while the second field studies arbitrage pricing. The two fields are linked together through the derivation and the proof of a characterization theorem. The characterization theorem gives necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of arbitrage opportunities in terms of the existence of two assets, one of which first order stochastically dominates the other and the price of a particular contingent claim. Examples are provided to demonstrate the theorem's content.


The Meaning of Internal Rates of Return

Published: 12/1981,  Volume: 36,  Issue: 5  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1981.tb01072.x  |  Cited by: 56

ROBERT DORFMAN

Nearly one hundred years after Irving Fisher' persuasive argument that net present value is the fundamental criterion for appraising investment projects, businessmen and bankers continue to consider the internal rate of return. Business practice is justified in some circumstances. It has long been recognized that a firm will grow asymptotically at a rate equal to the largest real positive root of an individual project' rate of return equation if the net cash flows are continually reinvested in projects of the same type. That same root also controls the firm' asymptotic growth rate if any fixed proportion of the cash flows is reinvested. The other roots of the equation are important also, since the stability of the firm' growth path depends on them.


Heterogeneous Expectations, Restrictions on Short Sales, and Equilibrium Asset Prices

Published: 12/1980,  Volume: 35,  Issue: 5  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1980.tb02198.x  |  Cited by: 218

ROBERT JARROW

Under heterogeneous expectations, the mean–variance model of capital market equilibrium is employed to determine the effect restricting short sales has on equilibrium asset prices. Two equivalent markets differing only with respect to short sale restrictions are compared. It is shown that, in general, risky asset prices can either rise or fall due to short sale constraints. However, under a homogeneity of beliefs for the covariance matrix of future prices, short sale constraints will only increase risky asset prices.


POSTWAR DEVELOPMENTS IN THE MARKET FOR CONSUMER INSTALMENT CREDIT*

Published: 5/1956,  Volume: 11,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1956.tb00705.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert Shay


DISCUSSION

Published: 6/1978,  Volume: 33,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1978.tb02019.x  |  Cited by: 1

Robert Willig


Discussion

Published: 8/2000,  Volume: 55,  Issue: 4  |  DOI: 10.1111/0022-1082.00270  |  Cited by: 0

Robert Marquez


THE PRICING OF OPTIONS WITH STOCHASTIC DIVIDEND YIELD

Published: 5/1978,  Volume: 33,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1978.tb04871.x  |  Cited by: 40

Robert Geske

A formula is derived in discrete time for pricing options when the underlying stock has a stochastic dividend yield. The result implies that regarding the dividend yield as certain when it is not results in misestimation of the variance of the underlying stock. Comparative statics indicate that this adjustment could diminish a bias of the Black‐Scholes model. This model systematically underprices deep‐out‐of‐the‐money options. A numerical example demonstrates that this stochastic adjustment may be more important for longer‐lived options and warrants.


Quotes, Prices, and Estimates in a Laboratory Market

Published: 12/1996,  Volume: 51,  Issue: 5  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1996.tb05226.x  |  Cited by: 45

ROBERT BLOOMFIELD

This study examines the behavior of laboratory markets in which two uninformed market makers compete to trade with heterogeneously informed investors. The data provide three main results. First, market makers set quotes to protect against adverse selection and to control inventory. Second, when investors are less well‐informed, their trades are less reliable measures of their information, and market makers respond to those trades with greater skepticism. Third, errors in market makers' reactions to trades cause the time‐series behavior of quotes and prices to depend on the information environment in ways beyond those captured in extant theory.


JUSTIFICATION FOR DIRECT REGULATION OF CONSUMER CREDIT REAPPRAISED

Published: 5/1953,  Volume: 8,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1953.tb01167.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert Bartels


Potential Competition And Actual Competition In Equity Options

Published: 7/1987,  Volume: 42,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1987.tb04566.x  |  Cited by: 40

ROBERT NEAL


Debt Financing and Tax Status: Tests of the Substitution Effect and the Tax Exhaustion Hypothesis Using Firms' Responses to the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981

Published: 9/1992,  Volume: 47,  Issue: 4  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1992.tb04670.x  |  Cited by: 70

ROBERT TREZEVANT

This study tests the joint prediction of the substitution effect and the tax exhaustion hypothesis that an increase in non‐debt tax shields leads to a decrease in leverage. Controls are introduced for the debt securability effect, the pecking order theory of financing, and the probability of losing tax shields. Using the relationship between changes in investment tax shields and changes in debt tax shields of firms in response to the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981, strong empirical support is found for predictions based on the substitution effect and the tax exhaustion hypothesis.


A Theory of Capital Structure Relevance under Imperfect Information

Published: 12/1982,  Volume: 37,  Issue: 5  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1982.tb03608.x  |  Cited by: 115

ROBERT HEINKEL

Firms raise debt and equity capital to finance a positive net present value project in perfectly competitive capital markets; firm insiders know the function generating the random firm cash flow but potential capital suppliers do not. Taking into account the incentives of insiders to misrepresent their firm type, capital suppliers attempt to design financing mixes of debt and equity that eliminate the adverse incentives of insiders and correctly price securities. Necessary conditions for a costless separating equilibrium are developed to show that the amount of debt used by a firm is monotonically related to its unobservable true value.


THE INFLATIONARY IMPACT OF EIGHT FEDERAL AID AGENCIES DURING THE YEARS 1946–1950*

Published: 12/1954,  Volume: 9,  Issue: 4  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1954.tb01252.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert Freedman


DISCUSSION

Published: 7/1985,  Volume: 40,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1985.tb05025.x  |  Cited by: 0

ROBERT HEINKEL


DISCUSSION

Published: 6/1978,  Volume: 33,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1978.tb00768.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert Salomon


THE CONCEPT OF YIELD ON COMMON STOCK

Published: 5/1964,  Volume: 19,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1964.tb00762.x  |  Cited by: 1

Robert Ortner


DISCUSSION

Published: 7/1985,  Volume: 40,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1985.tb04991.x  |  Cited by: 1

ROBERT SHILLER


FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES, CREDIT AVAILABILITY, AND AGGREGATE DEMAND*

Published: 9/1966,  Volume: 21,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1966.tb00247.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert Shapiro


DISCUSSION

Published: 5/1969,  Volume: 24,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1969.tb01690.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert Solomon


Benefits of Bank Diversification: The Evidence from Shareholder Returns

Published: 7/1984,  Volume: 39,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1984.tb03682.x  |  Cited by: 26

ROBERT A. EISENBEIS, ROBERT S. HARRIS, JOSEF LAKONISHOK


A Test of the Relative Pricing Effects of Dividends and Earnings: Evidence from Simultaneous Announcements in Japan

Published: 6/2000,  Volume: 55,  Issue: 3  |  DOI: 10.1111/0022-1082.00245  |  Cited by: 79

Robert M. Conroy, Kenneth M. Eades, Robert S. Harris

We study the pricing effects of dividend and earnings announcements by taking advantage of the unique setting in Japan where managers simultaneously announce the current year's dividends and earnings as well as forecasts of next year's dividends and earnings. Defining surprises as deviations from analysts' forecasts, we find that share price reactions are significantly affected by earnings surprises, especially management forecasts of next year's earnings. The information content of dividends is marginal and is restricted to announcements of next year's dividends. Consistent with Modigliani and Miller's dividend irrelevance proposition, current dividend surprises have no material impact on stock prices in Japan.


FINANCING BUSINESS EXPANSION SINCE KOREA

Published: 5/1952,  Volume: 7,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1952.tb01540.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert P. Ulin


SELECTED PROBLEMS FACED BY FIRE AND CASUALTY INSURERS UNDER STATE AND LOCAL TAXATION*

Published: 3/1961,  Volume: 16,  Issue: 1  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1961.tb02801.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert S. Felton


DISCUSSION

Published: 5/1977,  Volume: 32,  Issue: 2  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1977.tb03299.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert P. Shay


COMPARATIVE RETURNS AND RISK OF CONVERTIBLE BONDS AND THEIR UNDERLYING EQUITY, DEBT, AND OPTION VALUES IN THE POSTWAR PERIOD*

Published: 3/1975,  Volume: 30,  Issue: 1  |  DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1975.tb03179.x  |  Cited by: 0

Robert L. Felheim